PAC R

(1) Application of PAC in Drilling Fluids

PAC is ideal as an inhibitor and fluid loss reducer. PAC-prepared drilling mud can inhibit the dispersion and expansion of clay and shale in high-salt media, thereby controlling wellbore contamination. Because PAC has better reaction uniformity, higher substitution degree, better transparency, and superior salt and heat resistance than CMC, it exhibits higher mud production (PAC-HV) and lower filtrate loss (PAC-LV) as measured by OCMA standards.

(2) Application of PAC in Workover Fluids

Workover fluids prepared with PAC are low in solids, preventing blockage of the production zone's permeability and damage to the production zone. Furthermore, their low fluid loss reduces the amount of water entering the production zone, preventing water from entering due to emulsion blockage and water stagnation.

Workover fluids formulated with PAC offer advantages not found in other workover fluids:
 

1. Protects the production formation from permanent damage;
2. Has the ability to carry clean wellbore material, reducing wellbore maintenance workload;
3. Resistant to water and sediment infiltration, with minimal foaming;
4. Can be stored or transferred between wells, and is less expensive than conventional mud workover fluids.
 

(3) The role of PAC in fracturing fluid

Fracturing fluid prepared with PAC can withstand 2% KCl solution (which must be added when preparing fracturing fluid) and has good solubility. It is easy to use, can be prepared on-site, and has a fast gelation speed and strong sand-carrying capacity. Its fracturing effect is even more outstanding when used in formations with low permeability.
 

Polyanionic cellulose (PAC-R) can be used as a thickener and dewatering agent for all water-based drilling fluids as well as saline drilling fluids. PAC-R stabilizes the wellbore by preventing shale hydration and dispersion. It is unaffected by bacterial degradation and can be used over a wide pH range.
 

It is unaffected and can be used over a wide pH range.

- Can be used as a viscosity enhancer and water loss reducer in all water-based drilling fluids.
- For use in saline drilling fluids.
- Ensures well stability by preventing shale hydration and dispersion.
- Unaffected by bacterial degradation and can be used over a wide pH range.